I was being optimistic (ie. didn’t even consider the possibility that the treasure room emanation from the chest could melt my stuff) and plopped my first treasure chest in the spot where I had space for it - in the middle of a base with my grandmaster benches, and walls full of weapon racks filled with legendaries, and untrained high-tier Thralls (including my one and only Dalinsia Snowhunter on Siptah, courtesy of Khitan traders).
But no, there was no problem with anything disappearing or anything. (That said, I’m on PC Single-Player, which seems to suffer the least from bugs that make things go to digital item heaven).