It may require logging out and back in, but it shouldn’t take any time beyond that. Since the mechanics can be a bit unexpected though, maybe this will help:
Like with apartments on Rubi-Ka, a key will spawn in your inventory when you enter a Jobe apartment for the first time. Make sure you’re not in a team. Once you have a Jobe apartment, you can delete the key if you want to move to another one. Make sure to take out your stuff first in that case. Maybe also have a look at the guide on AO-Universe to confirm you’re trying at the right locations?