I couldn’t get it to work initially, but didn’t have the same issues as you did. I’ve always been able to use Multihome to host and play off the same computer, it’s what I do for play testing my mods.
Anyways, I fixed my issues by making sure to use the latest Dedicated Server App (1.0.47 at the time of this writing). Here is my port settings, and I setting up Multihome is a requirement in order to both host and play (your router IP, can be found by typing ipconfig into Windows CMD).
Game Client Port: 7788
Raw UDP Port: 7789
Steam Query Port: 27016
Rcon Port: 25575
From there, I use direct connect. I’ve never bothered to try and figure out how to get it to list in the server list since I’m the only one that uses it, and only for a brief time to play test my mods.